Laboratory Management: Exceptional technology, Extraordinary care

LABORATORY MANAGEMENT

Laboratory Management is responsible for providing advice and information to scientists on health and safety, particularly on how to carry out risk assessments and on appropriate control measures. A further major function of Laboratory Management is the overseeing of shared equipment servicing, replacement and the purchase of new equipment to facilitate the needs of researchers.

          Management                         Communication Process             Safety Equipment
          Management Planning                 Quality Assurance                                       Financial Management
          Laboratories                         Personnel Management              Current Trends

Finals - Current Trends in Lab Management

Current

Trends

in

Laboratory

Management 

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Management of Change 

- Change management is the discipline that guides how we prepare, equip and support individuals to successfully adopt change in order to drive organizational success and outcomes. Decades of research shows there are actions we can take to influence people in their individual transitions. Change management provides a structured approach for supporting the individuals in your organization to move from their own current states to their own future states. 

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Three Levels of Change Management

 1. Individual Change Management 

- it requires understanding how people experience change and what they need to change successfully. It also requires knowing what will help people make a successful transition:

•   What messages do people need to hear, when and from whom 
• When the optimal time to teach someone a new skill is.
• How to coach people to demonstrate new behaviors 
• What makes changes “stick” in someone’s work.

 2. Organizational/Initiative Change Management

- involves first identifying the groups and people who will need to change as the result of the project, and in what ways they will need to change.

 3. Enterprise Change Management Capability 

-Organizational core competency that provides competitive differentiation and the ability to effectively adapt to the ever-changing world. It means effective change management is embedded into your organization’s roles, structures, processes, projects and leadership competencies. Change management processes are consistently and effectively applied to initiatives, leaders have the skills to guide their teams through change, and employees know what to ask for in order to be successful.

FINALS: Financial Management - Types of Budgeting

"In this world nothing can be said to be certain,

except death and taxes."

-Benjamin Franklin-

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Fund 

- sum of money or equivalent accumulated or reserved for a specific purpose. 

Budget

- forecast of expenditures necessary to perform the anticipated workload over a designated time period.

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1. Operating budget - deals with the process of planning for the laboratory as an ongoing business concern, accounting for everyday needs and expenditures.
2. Capital budget - development can occur simultaneously with operating budget . It is usually prepared at organization level and includes new or replacement properties, physical plants, and equip needs of company.
3. Cash budget - third type can develop with operating and capital budgets prepared. It is usually prepared by organization's finance department and predicts the cash firms in and out of organization and resultant cash availability.

Income - consumption opportunity gained by an entity with a specified time frame. It is generally expressed in monetary terms.

Expense - outflow of money to another person or group to pay for an item or service for a category of costs.

Personnel costs - invariably constitutes the largest expenditure of hospital laboratory. It is required to pay the salaries and wages of the staff employed by the laboratory.

Overhead costs - necessarily arbitrary to share of costs which arise because the section does not, and cannot, exist in the isolation.

FINALS: Safety Management - Safety Equipments

SAFETY EQUIPMENT IN THE LABORATORY

The aim of medicine is to prevent disease and prolong life, 

the ideal of medicine is to eliminate the need of a physician. 

-William J. Mayo-

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 Eye wash 

- used in an event of eye injury or chemical splash.

- Rinse copiously and have eyes checked by a physician afterwards. 

          Fire Blanket

-can be used to smother a fire.

 Sterile Gloves

-  disposable gloves are available in a range of sizes.

- provide a temporary layer of protection and a permeable to some substances.

- become discolored or deteriorate easily.

Safety Shower

- use a safety shower in the event of a chemical spill.

Chemical Spill Treatment Kit

- used when a chemical is spilled on the laboratory bench or floor.

First Aid Kit

- are available in the laboratory for minor cuts or scrapes.

Goggles

- you will not be permitted to work in the laboratory without it.

- MUST BE WORN AT ALL TIMES!

  Fire Extinguisher

Fume hood

- carries away vapor from reagents or reactions you may be working with using a fume hood correctly will reduce.

 Glass Sash

- also known as safety shield

- the moveable part of a window made up of the vertical and horizontal frame that holds the glass.

Prelims: Theories of Management

"Working with and 

through people to 

accomplish a

 common mission"

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-Manusagere-

  FUNCTIONSPlanningOrganizingDirectingControlling

                  

                                                                      THEORIES________________________________________________________

• Scientific Management

- first orderly efforts to examine the

 functioning complex organizations.

- apply the scientific method of the cause and effect analysis to the examination of business enterprises.

• Henri Fayol

- first introduced the concept that management

 should be an orderly process of task and duties.

• Frederick Taylor

-father of scientific management

-broke each task into segments

• Frank Gilbreth and Lillian Gilbreth

- perfected Taylor's motion of study method

and development method analysis.

• Mary Parker Follett

-management is essentially coordination.

• Lyndall Urwick

- introduced the role of management consultant. 

- attempted to classify and codify the 

work done on management theories.

Prelims: Management Planning

Management Planning

- the thinking and analyzing portion of the management process.

"The manager must plan to succeed or plan on failing"

Seven steps:

1. Determine the goals the organization wishes to accomplish.

2. Collect information and evaluate the current situation compare with where enterprise wishes to be.

3. Establish a time frame in which to achieve goals.

4. Set objectives will move the company toward the desired future.

5. Forecast the needs and use of resources.

6. Determine the steps necessary to implement the plan.

7. Provide a feedback mechanism to continually review the success of plan and to implement any necessary revisions.

Hierarchy of Plans

1. Purpose/Mission 

 - States the purpose of the organization. 

 -  Directs the organization to its best opportunities. 

2. Objectives 

 -  End toward which planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling are aimed. 

3. Strategies 

 -  Denote a general process of action implying commitment of emphasis and resources to attain broad objectives.

 4. Policies 

 - Guide or channel thinking and action in decision making. 

5. Procedures 

-  Plans that establish a required method of handling future activities. o Guides to action, rather than to thinking. 

6. Rules 

 -  Required actions chosen from among alternatives. o It requires that a specific and definite action be taken or not will respect to a situation.

 7. Programs  

 - A comply of goals, policies, procedures, task assignment and steps to be taken, to carry out a given course of action. 

8. Budget 

 - The statement of expected results expressed in numerical terms. 

 - “numberized program” 

 FOUR BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD OBJECTIVE 

 S – pecific 

 M – easurable

 A – ttainable

 R – ealistic 

 T – ime bound 

5. Forecast Resources Needs 

 -  Feasibility of goals and objectives. 

•  Manager – availability of resources, possibility of obtaining the additional assets needed, development of the lab budget both operational and capital. 

6. Management Plan 

 -  Manager designs its strategy for attaining obstacles and impediments. 

Effects of Good and Bad Planning

Indicators of Poor Planning:

1. Late submission of 

results and reports

2. Late machines

3. Materials wanted

4. Machines doing jobs that 

should be done by smaller machines

5. Some lab personnel overworked 

or underworked.

6. Skilled workers doing unskilled work.

7. Laboratory personnel fumbling

on jobs for which they have not 

been trained.

8. Quarreling, bickering, and confusion.

Benefits of Good Planning:

1. Jobs turn out on time.

2. Good reason with other departments.

3.People using their highest skill.

4. Workers know their jobs fit in total pattern

5. Machines doing proper jobs.

6. Equipment in good shape.

7. Materials available.

8. Waste kept to a minimum.

CHARACTERISTICS OF OBJECTIVES:

• Follow well though-out plans and long term goals.
• Based on collaborative agreement between supervisor or employer
• Person specific
• Within the power of individual to accomplish
• Be measurable
• Have designated time frame
• Provide feedback and information

- Home -

Prelims: Type of Laboratories

LABORATORY

Open Laboratory

-Routine procedures in different sections

 in the lab are located  in one large room.

Closed Laboratory

-Different section in the lab are 

located in separate rooms.

Reference Laboratory

- can handle all types of testing

-Traditional full service laboratory

POCT Laboratory

-Laboratory's testing is 

brought to the patient's bedside.

- one of the major laboratory 

 test offered is RBS monitoring.

STAT Laboratory

- provide rapid results for clinical laboratory tests. 

- often located in or near 

emergency rooms and operating rooms.

Satellite Laboratory

("mini versions of chemistry, hematology, & microscopy sections")

-decentralization of lab services to respond

 quickly to a departments specific area.

- may be located throughout a hospital